An Enhanced Pilot-Assisted Channel Estimation Framework for OFDM Systems Using Linear Predictive Coding Techniques
Downloads
Keywords
Article Usage Chart
Abstract
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly susceptible to channel impairments, particularly in fast time-varying and frequency-selective wireless environments. Accurate channel estimation is therefore essential to ensure reliable data transmission and improved spectral efficiency. This paper proposes an enhanced pilot-assisted channel estimation framework that integrates linear predictive coding (LPC) techniques to improve estimation accuracy in dynamic wireless conditions. The proposed framework leverages temporal correlation in channel variations and combines pilot-based estimation with predictive modeling to mitigate noise and interpolation errors. A comprehensive analytical and simulation-based evaluation demonstrates that the proposed method significantly outperforms conventional least squares (LS), minimum mean square error (MMSE), and adaptive filtering approaches in terms of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). The framework is particularly effective in high-mobility scenarios, where traditional estimation methods exhibit performance degradation. The findings contribute to the advancement of robust channel estimation strategies for next-generation wireless communication systems.
Downloads
References
1. Alqatawneh, L. Al-Tarawneh, and Z. Almajali, “Indexed-channel estimation under frequency and time-selective fading channels in high-mobility systems,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 2865–2875, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v13i3.pp2865-2875.
2. Almamori and S. Mohan, “Estimation of channel state information (CSI) in cell-free massive MIMO based on time of arrival (ToA),” Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 1825–1831, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11277-020-07450-8.
3. Almamori and S. Mohan, “Estimation of channel state information for massive MIMO based on received data using Kalman filter,” in 2018 IEEE 8th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), Jan. 2018, pp. 665–669, doi: 10.1109/CCWC.2018.8301698.
4. Devasia and R. Reddy, “Semi blind channel estimation: an efficient channel estimation scheme for MIMO-OFDM system,” Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 531–538, 2013.
5. Goldsmith, Wireless communications. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
6. K. Gizzini, M. Chafii, A. Nimr, and G. Fettweis, “Enhancing least square channel estimation using deep learning,” in 2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring), May 2020, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/VTC2020-Spring48590.2020.9128890.
7. Medles, D. T. M. Slock, and E. De Carvalho, “Linear prediction based semi-blind estimation of MIMO FIR channels,” in 2001 IEEE Third Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC’01). Workshop Proceedings (Cat. No.01EX471), pp. 58–61, doi: 10.1109/SPAWC.2001.923843.
8. Spalvieri, L. Reggiani, and L. Dossi, “Decision-directed Kalman particle filter with application to the MIMO phase noise channel,” Physical Communication, vol. 55, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2022.101877.
9. Thomas and A. K. Nair, “Null-subcarrier based channel estimation and mutual interference reduction in MIMO OFDM systems,” in 2019 International Conference on Wireless Communications Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), Mar. 2019, pp. 275–278, doi: 10.1109/WiSPNET45539.2019.9032793.
10. Jingdong, J. Benesty, H. Yiteng, and S. Doclo, “New insights into the noise reduction Wiener filter,” IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1218–1234, Jul. 2006, doi: 10.1109/TSA.2005.860851.
11. Schafhuber and G. Matz, “MMSE and adaptive prediction of time-varying channels for OFDM systems,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 593–602, Mar. 2005, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2004.843055.
12. W. M. Guerra, R. M. Fukuda, R. T. Kobayashi, and T. Abrão, “Efficient detectors for MIMO-OFDM systems under spatial correlation antenna arrays,” ETRI Journal, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 570–581, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.4218/etrij.2018-0005.
13. Wan, W.-P. Zhu, and M. N. S. Swamy, “Linear prediction based semi-blind channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM system,” in 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, May 2007, pp. 3239–3242, doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378162.
14. Jie and L. Huaping, “Decision-directed estimation of MIMO time-varying Rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1412–1417, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2005.852131.
15. Hijazi, E. P. Simon, M. Lienard, and L. Ros, “Channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM systems in fast time-varying environments,” in 2010 4th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), Mar. 2010, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ISCCSP.2010.5463392.
16. Hijazi and L. Ros, “Joint data QR-detection and Kalman estimation for OFDM time-varying Rayleigh channel complex gains,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 170–178, Jan. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2010.01.080296.
17. Barhumi, G. Leus, and M. Moonen, “Optimal training design for MIMO OFDM systems in mobile wireless channels,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1615–1624, Jun. 2003, doi: 10.1109/TSP.2003.811243.
18. R. Hampton, Introduction to MIMO communications. Cambridge University Press, 2013.
19. Zhang, H. Xiong, and X. Dai, “A new channel estimation algorithm for fast linear-time-varying channel in MIMO-OFDM systems,” in 2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), Oct. 2018, pp. 155–158, doi: 10.1109/ICCT.2018.8600116.
20. C. Jeruchim, P. Balaban, and K. S. Shanmugan, Simulation of communication systems. Springer New York, NY, 2000.
21. Ozdemir and H. Arslan, “Channel estimation for wireless OFDM systems,” IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 18–48, 2007, doi: 10.1109/COMST.2007.382406.
22. Stojanovic and S. Tadayon, “Estimation and tracking of time-varying channels in OFDM systems,” in 2014 52nd Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton), 2014, pp. 116–122, doi: 10.1109/ALLERTON.2014.7028444.
23. De, T.-H. Chang, and C.-Y. Chi, “Linear prediction based semiblind channel estimation for multiuser OFDM with insufficient guard interval,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 5728–5736, Dec. 2009, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.12.080787.
24. P. Vaidyanathan, “The theory of linear prediction,” Synthesis Lectures on Signal Processing, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–184, Jan. 2007, doi: 10.2200/S00086ED1V01Y200712SPR03.
25. Schniter, “Low-complexity equalization of OFDM in doubly selective channels,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 1002–1011, Apr. 2004, doi: 10.1109/TSP.2004.823503.
26. Pyla, K. P. Raju, and N. B. Subrahmanyam, “Performance analysis of adaptive filter channel estimated MIMO OFDM communication system,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 3829–3836, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3829-3836.
27. Manjeet and Y. S. Kwok, “Blind channel estimation using linear predictive techniques with turbo decoding in a SIMO FIR channel,” in 2007 6th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing, 2007, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICICS.2007.4449573.
28. S. Idan and M. K. Al-Haddad, “Performance of STBC based MIMO-OFDM using pilot-aided channel estimation,” Journal of Engineering, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 17–29, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.06.02.
29. S. Somashekar, N. K. D. Venkategowda, and A. K. Jagannatham, “Bandwidth efficient optimal superimposed pilot design for channel estimation in OSTBC based MIMO-OFDM systems,” Physical Communication, vol. 26, pp. 185–195, Feb. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2017.12.013.
30. W. Yi and H. Leib, “OFDM symbol detection integrated with channel multipath gains estimation for doubly-selective fading channels,” Physical Communication, vol. 22, pp. 19–31, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2016.10.003.
31. Y. Liao, Q. Zhou, and N. Zhang, “EM-EKF fast time-varying channel estimation based on superimposed pilot for high mobility OFDM systems,” Physical Communication, vol. 49, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2021.101448.
32. Y. Mingchao and P. Sadeghi, “A study of pilot-assisted OFDM channel estimation methods with improvements for DVB-T2,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 2400–2405, 2012, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2012.2195041.
33. Z. Zheng, C. Hao, and X. Yang, “Least squares channel estimation with noise suppression for OFDM systems,” Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 37–39, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1049/el.2015.2678.
34. R.-N. Yang, W.-T. Zhang, and S.-T. Lou, “Adaptive blind channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM systems based on PARAFAC,” Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, pp. 1–17, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/8396930.