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Optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control Based Frequency Regulation with Communication Delays in Power Systems
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Keywords
Load Frequency Control
Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control
Communication Delay
Power Systems
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Abstract
Frequency regulation in interconnected power systems remains a critical challenge due to increasing system complexity, renewable integration, and communication constraints. Traditional load frequency control (LFC) strategies often fail to maintain system stability under stochastic disturbances and time delays. This study presents an advanced control framework based on Optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control for frequency regulation in multi-area power systems considering communication delays. The proposed approach integrates state estimation through Kalman filtering with optimal control synthesis to enhance robustness and dynamic performance. A delay-aware modeling framework is developed to capture network-induced latencies, and a modified LQG controller is designed accordingly. Comparative analysis with conventional PID, fuzzy, and sliding mode controllers demonstrates superior performance in terms of frequency deviation minimization, settling time, and robustness against disturbances. The results indicate that the proposed methodology effectively mitigates the adverse effects of communication delays while ensuring optimal system performance. The study contributes to modern power system control by bridging optimal control theory with practical network constraints.
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