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Integrated RFID, IoT, Big Data Analytics, and Blockchain for Intelligent and Secure Supply Chain Management in Industry 4.0
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Keywords
RFID
Internet of Things
supply chain management
big data analytics
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Abstract
The rapid evolution of Industry 4.0 has fundamentally transformed the way global supply chains are designed, managed, and optimized. Traditional supply chain systems, which were primarily document based and manually monitored, are no longer sufficient to cope with the increasing complexity, scale, and uncertainty of modern logistics networks. In response, digital technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics, cloud computing, and blockchain have emerged as powerful enablers of intelligent, real time, transparent, and secure supply chain management. This research article develops a comprehensive and integrated theoretical framework that explains how these technologies collectively enhance visibility, traceability, security, resilience, and decision making across supply chain networks. Drawing strictly on the provided body of literature, the article analyzes how RFID and IoT act as the primary data generation and sensing layer, how cloud and Big Data Analytics transform raw data into actionable intelligence, and how blockchain ensures trust, data integrity, and decentralized coordination. Special emphasis is placed on manufacturing, retail, cold chain logistics, and sustainable supply chains, where digital traceability and risk mitigation are particularly critical. The article also explores advanced topics such as lightweight RFID authentication, secure localization, risk aversion in replenishment decisions, and the mediating role of analytics in Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green supply chain practices. Through extensive theoretical elaboration and cross analysis of the references, this study demonstrates that the convergence of RFID, IoT, Big Data, and blockchain does not merely automate existing processes but enables a fundamentally new paradigm of data driven, adaptive, and trustworthy supply chain ecosystems. The article concludes by discussing the limitations of current implementations and identifying future research directions that can further strengthen digital supply chains in an increasingly volatile and interconnected global economy.
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